Amplify the expression of your ideas with integrated symbols and diagrams using a vector drawing App - EazyDraw. Information, concepts and ideas are rarely communicated by language (word processing) alone. Callahan, in last week’s decision by the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, reversing the District Court’s ruling that Qualcomm was guilty of antitrust violations, opened her opinion thusly:EazyDraw is a productivity tool for the expression and transmission of knowledge.
Drawing App In App Store Mac PC VersionsWhy because no official application is designed and developed for Windows & Mac PC versions. Downloading Procreate directly on to Windows 10, 7, 8 & PC Mac is not simple. Accept no substitutes When Apple.This case asks us to draw the line between anticompetitive behavior, which is illegal under federal antitrust law, and hypercompetitive behavior, which is not.Downloading Procreate for Windows 10 Mac & Android PC. It provides users with a means to make simple images quickly.The company has traditionally made its money by selling physical devices which run Apple’s proprietary operating systems its device-manufacturing competitors, meanwhile, have had to rely on an operating system that they could license, primarily Windows for PCs, and Android for mobile devices. The specific case of Apple and the iPhone raises an additional angle: should the importance of the market in the question make a difference as well? Apple’s Vertical IntegrationApple’s business model, which uses software to differentiate hardware, is designed to be anticompetitive. A small business can generally be as anticompetitive as it wants to be, while a much larger business is much more constrained in how anticompetitively it can act (as a quick aside, for the first part of this essay I am painting in broad strokes as far as questions of specific legality go). The distinction Callahan was drawing, though, is necessary if you interpret “anticompetitive” as being “illegal”: businesses should compete, but they should not break the law along the way.What makes this distinction particularly challenging is that the question as to what is anticompetitive and what is simply good business changes as a business scales. Create a secure account with your preferred payment method on file and it’s easily accessible across your devices and the web.This is, admittedly, a distinction I have not seen before, but it is perhaps a useful one, for the simple reason that being a successful business by definition means being anticompetitive: without some sort of differentiation and/or superior cost structure any sort of margin a business has will be competed away, and so preserving that differentiation and/or cost structure — being anticompetitive — should be the goal of any business.![]() Critically, this includes the PC. Again, though, Christensen’s research is tilted towards business buyers. They are not the user, and so items that change how a product feels or that eliminate small annoyances simply don’t make it into their rational decision making process. When Stratechery started in 2013, the media was filled with predictions of the iPhone’s imminent demise at the hands of Android: there were simply too many other manufacturers making too many smartphones at too many price points that Apple could not or would not match, which would inevitably lead to developers fleeing iOS and Apple fighting for its life.The problem with these predictions, as I wrote in What Clayton Christensen Got Wrong, is that they drastically undervalued the experience of using Apple’s integrated products.The business buyer, famously, does not care about the user experience. Business buyers — and the analysts who study them — simply ignore them, but consumers don’t. Modularization incurs costs in the design and experience of using products that cannot be overcome, yet cannot be measured. But there are other, more difficult to quantify costs. Tv mirror samsung tv sound not working for macApp Store IntegrationOf course iPhones have already been using Apple’s own chips for a decade what has always made the iPhone different than the Mac, though, is the degree to which Apple has forward-integrated into the app ecosystem. This is, as far as I can tell, seen as a good thing: Apple has both demonstrated its ability to build fast chips and to integrate those chips with its operating system no one feels especially bad for Intel, particularly since the company had its own near-monopoly for decades. Of course, this view of the Mac will soon be obsolete: Apple computers will soon come with Apple’s own chips, which is to say that the company is backward-integrating into one of its most important components. A Mac, for example, looks something like this:In this view Apple integrates hardware made with industry-standard components and macOS, providing a platform for even more app developers. And this, of course, brought benefits to Apple:This was the combination of integration and modularity at its absolute best: Apple leveraged its control to create a better market that benefited everyone.Given the fact that Apple controlled app installation, it was a natural extension into payment processing, particularly since the App Store was built on the same infrastructure as iTunes.Unsurprisingly, like iTunes at the time, payment processing functionality was limited to up-front purchases. This by extension meant that the addressable market was far larger for app developers than the PC was, even though it would be several years before smartphones had a larger installed base than PCs. Users could install whatever they wanted, confident the app would not mess up their phone, rip them off, or be a virus. While Apple pretends like the Internet never existed as a distribution channel, the truth is it was a channel that wasn’t great for a lot of users: people were scared to install apps, convinced they would mess up their computers, get ripped off, or accidentally install a virus.The App Store changed all of that: Apple effectively extended the trust it had earned with users over the years to all developers in the App Store. To put it in the context of the value chain, Apple leverages its integration of hardware and software to control app installation:It is essential to note that this forward integration has had huge benefits for everyone involved. IOS will only run apps that have permission from Apple (this permission is ultimately enforced by Apple’s hardware), and Apple grants this permission via the App Store. There remains no means to offer refunds, for example, and for many years developers could not respond to negative reviews in the App Store.What was most frustrating for developers, though, was that the lack of a customer relationship, in conjunction with the lack of functionality for upgrade pricing, made it difficult to build sustainable businesses in product spaces that did not have an obvious service component (which might require a subscription) or consumables (which could be bought with in-app purchases). This did have some user benefits, particularly in terms of ensuring their data was not sold to unscrupulous data brokers, but the benefit to developers was much less clear cut. Users didn’t get receipts from developers, they got receipts from Apple, who kept their email addresses for themselves. And once again, this circled back to Apple’s benefit, both in terms of the ecosystem broadly and, as the App Store reached scale (and added in-app purchasing), real profits.App Store Part Three: Customer ManagementThat Apple has controlled app installation and payment processing from the beginning is an obvious point what is less appreciated is that Apple leveraged its control of payment processing, which was based on its control of app installation, which was based on its control of the operating system, into complete ownership of the customer relationship.Users didn’t pay developers, they paid Apple, who paid developers. 1This gets at why this was another great deal for everyone involved: most users had already trusted Apple with their credit card information, and again, Apple was extending that trust to every developer in its App Store, making it far more likely that developers would earn money on their apps than if they had to drive downloads and purchases on their own. It would be users who would vote with their wallets in favor of Apple’s approach. After all, the iPhone was still a small business from a developer perspective, the App Store was (almost) all upside. He articulated what just took me 700 words in a crisp five minutes and seven seconds: 2Everything about this video was exceptional at the time, and just as critically, nothing was objectionable.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorAustine ArchivesCategories |